On April 2010 I went to Manaus, capital of the Amazon state in Brazil to cover an International Sustainability Forum. I then managed to interview James Cameron, director of Avatar.
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| James Cameron (Foto: Angela George / Wikimedia Commons) |
I've offered the interview for the Estonian newspaper Postimees. They published it (translated to Estonian) here.
And here is the English version. Enjoy!
The loss of the Oscar 2010 for the direct
competitor The Hurt Locker has not
shaken the filmmaker James Francis Cameron, director of Titanic, Terminator 2 and
of the biggest blockbuster of all time, Avatar.
His biggest pride wasn’t also the profit made with it, more than US$ 2,5
billions all around the world. For Cameron, the greatest merit obtained by Avatar was the immense repercussion of
the environmental message brought by the film, a mix of political debate,
spiritualism and nature’s preservation.
Born in Ontario, Canada, James lives today in
the United States. He was in Brazil for the first time last March, to
participate in a Sustainability Forum, in Manaus, at the Amazon State. Our
international correspondent Luis Corvini Filho followed his speech and
interview and gathered Cameron’s opinions about North-American politics, the
energy industry in USA, societal environmental engagement and a preview of what
Avatar 2 can bring to the movies.
You
were invited by the Govern of Amazon to shoot Avatar 2 inside the Rainforest. Is this possibility viable and what
can we expect in this sequence?
I can only anticipate that Avatar 2 will pass inside the oceans and forests of Pandora, and
that is more than I’ve said for anyone until now (laughs). About shooting inside
the Rainforest, I would welcome an opportunity to make a film that celebrates
real forest of Brazil. Since I love everything in 3D, maybe this could be a
film that put the audience into the forest in 3D, to make it exciting, making
it real for them. I look forward to an opportunity to do that. But I should
remind everybody that the forest of Pandora in the movie Avatar was done 100% with computer animation. We didn’t shoot a
single foot of film in any forest anywhere. And when we make the second film,
we’ll do it in the same way, because the style has to be the same.
What
would be your suggestion for a film inside Amazon Forest?
For me to shoot here, I have some different
opportunities. Perhaps I can make a documentary that is associated with Avatar. Maybe I can come here with the
actors, maybe we can enter the Rainforest, maybe we can talk with some of the
indigenous people, and maybe we can raise world awareness with some kind of
project like that. Personally I wouldn’t want to bring a giant Hollywood film
crew with all their trucks and everything, and start toppling the real Rainforest,
and pushing in on indigenous people that are living quietly. But I think there
is a way to do this, that is smart from a media standpoint and can help raise
awareness, plus I think it would just be damn fun to do.
What
message you wanted to give to big corporations with Avatar?
I think
Avatar is pretty rough on the business community, at least as represented
by the people that we see in the film, working in an extraction industry in a
remote place, taking liberties with the rights of the people that live in that
environment. The way most business people see things is only the cheapest way
to do something or the method that creates the best profitability, the best
margin, not being necessarily the way that’s best for the planet or best for
other people who might be in their way.
And
how corporations can become more sustainable?
People need to think differently. If they
change their perspective, they’ll see that the path that is best for the planet,
in the long run, is the best for the market and for the economy also. The
problem is it may not be on a quarter-to-quarter basis. And I think that’s
going to be the hardest challenge in all of this, finding business models that
work, and finding free market models that work. We are going to have to change
the way we create value or assign value in the world from the way it’s done
today. But there are many very responsible people in business, who actually do
want to make a difference. They want to find business models that they can make
jobs and create innovation in a direction that is positive. And that number is
growing every single day.
How
to make humans return to respect Nature like the Na’vis?
We live in a very technological world, with a
lot of electronic equipment around us. We don’t make our own food, we don’t
produce our own goods. The last couple of generations moved us farther away
from a day-to-day connection with nature. I am 56 years old. When I was growing
up, I worked on my grandfather’s farm. I helped with the wheat harvest, at the
end of each summer. I had a sense from where food came from. These days most of
our food is produced by big industrialized agricultures. I think we have to
relearn to experience Nature. That’s why I was making a big point in the
indigenous people, who really understand it because their life has been based
in a deep understanding of Nature and its cycles, and their place in it. And
this “old wisdom” is what we need to respect, celebrate and reconnect Nature with
the society.
What
is the importance of the climate crisis debate in politics?
This absolutely is the most important thing
that society could be talking about, and I mean that in a worldwide level.
These are issues of survival, of the quality of life and the nature of the
world that we are going to pass on to future generations. I think
vice-president Al Gore said it absolutely beautifully (during the speech of
former vice-president of the USA in the same event), that we’ve been given
probably the greatest responsibility that any generation in the history of
human experience, and we need to rise up to that challenge as a society. So the
more we talk about it, and the more as part of the political conversation, the
better.
And
how can we do it?
We need to make a grassroots movement
throughout this society, throughout the North-American and European society, to
move this subject to the forefront of the public debate. When the Titanic
transatlantic crew saw the iceberg ahead, they rang the bell three times. From
the ring of the bell to the moment of impact, it took ninety seconds. Despite
of their most desperate efforts, because the ship was too big and had too much
inertia, they hit. My doubt is: are we in those ninety seconds, between the
ring of the bell and the fatal collision? Our biggest challenge is to be able
to change quickly enough and in a large enough scale to avoid disaster. There
are people of good will and conscience that are already doing everything that
they can, but they aren’t enough.
What
is your evaluation comparing Bush’s administration with Obama’s administration
in the sustainable development and ecology issues?
I think we have a fundamental difference
between the Bush administration, which wasted eight critical years, in fact it
did worst than waste it, they were strongly abstractionists, they actually
manipulated climate science in an official reporting. It was a horrific time
for these issues, and I think it was the most irresponsible administration in
the history of the USA. President Obama made some promises during his campaign.
I think he needs to focus more in these issues. Frankly, I think the entire
democratic political conversation in the USA has got sort of hijacked by this
whole healthcare thing. Universal healthcare is an admirable idea, but you
can’t have healthcare in an unhealthy planet. You can’t do it. So I just think
they’re missing the point. He expended a lot of his political capital on
dealing with the healthcare issue and we need to deal with issues that are of
fundamental importance to everybody in this planet.
You
are saying about Obama’s participation in Copenhagen, during the COP15?
Yes. He went to Copenhagen and he wasn’t able
to lead there, because he didn’t have the mandate from congress and the senate
to be able to say: “I come here with definitive legislation that we’ve passed on
and now we can pass it on to you”. His hands were tied. He is a smart guy, very
charismatic, he got his hand on the power right now, he can do a lot of good in
the next phase of administration, and I hope that he’ll do that.
What
kind of appeal would you do to president Obama, asking him not to send any more
troops to Iraq and Afghanistan?
The appeal that I would make is for him really
think about the future, about what difference he can make during his time in
office. Why these men and women are being sent to fight in foreign soil in Middle
East? Because of those bad terrorists who don’t like us? It’s because we’ve
been in the Middle East for the last 70 years, taking out oil, dominating their
local politics, playing them of against each other and so on and that’s going
to continue indefinitely until we don’t need the oil anymore. The way to get
the American military out of the Middle East is to change our energy policy. It
seems so obvious to me.
And why isn’t the climate crisis the priority
for the American Government?
Because you have big energy companies paying
hundreds of millions of dollars to lobby us, to keep that out of the public
debate. The sooner we get off oil, the better we are going to be. The sooner we
get off coal, the better we are going to be. We won’t put as much carbon in the
air, we won’t have to fight wars and we won’t have to pretend to be friends
with countries that we fundamentally disagree with on issues of human rights.
It all seems very obvious to me. And I believe it’s obvious to president Obama
as well, because he is a man of conscience.
What
should Obama do so?
I would just encourage him to accelerate the renewable
energy program. They’re spending a significant amount of money in renewable
energy, I believe it’s 6 billion dollars. That’s great, that’s exactly 6
billion dollars more than the Bush’s administration has spent. And as Al Gore
once said at the Santa Barbara Film Festival, when I heard his speak, he said
that it’s not that the Bush administration were strongly influenced by the oil
lobby, it’s that they were the oil
lobby.
Since
you mentioned Al Gore, in his book Our
Choice, he affirms that we already have the technology to stop climate
crisis. With this information, which do you think it is our biggest challenge
to face it: consumerism society, the skepticism or the political will?
Well, political will is always just an
extension of the public mandate, and until we change our grassroots perception
of value, which is reflected in consumerism, the political will is not going to
exist. And the skeptics, the organized skeptics, who are really just a special
interest group defending special industries, will always have advantage. So I
would say it’s consumerism society, I would say it’s a grassroots societal
conscience that needs to change, and that will overwhelm the skeptics and will
drive the political will.
Do
you think Avatar opened a path to
more people develop high-budget films with this theme?
I don’t know, I am not sure. I think there’s a
possibility that may inspire other filmmakers to say: “OK here’s an example of
film that was wildly profitable and took a position”. So if that is the case,
the next time they’re in an argument with a studio about something they care
about as a script or as an idea, than can say: “well, Avatar made money, and it’s about something”. So studios can’t just
definitely say that it doesn’t work from a business perspective. So maybe there
could be some progress there. I would like to hope so.
How
can Avatar continue to pass the
sustainability message?
I am going to look for any way for people to
use the experience of Avatar as a
portal to understanding the issues of energy and the environment. Maybe I can
make a film that connects the ideas of Avatar
to some of these environmental and indigenous rights causes that have come
to me as result of the release of the film. That’s one thing. We can create
secondary sights around the idea of Pandora and the philosophy of Avatar that connect to NGO’s and other
environmental organizations. But I think it’s important to realize that we are
not doing this to try to make Avatar more
popular, we’re trying to do this to engage young people through a piece of
entertainment, something they can relate to, through which they can have a
learning experience or consciousness raising experience.
How?
I don’t have all the answers on that. Ideally,
the trick is to connect them to some actual tangible action that they can take
it in their life that will make a difference. And we are not going to start up
and solve the World’s problems, we are going to connect groups that have done
very good work to understand the problems much better than I do. But it’s
somehow taking that feeling of Avatar and
connecting it to action. We’re still figuring out how to do this. I committed
to come to Manaus about the time Avatar was
released. So we didn’t know all of this was going to be happening.
The
film transmitted a message of preservation to the whole World. What has Avatar changed in you?
I feel that, with Avatar, an opportunity has been created to actually do more. I have
always been reticent because I am not an environmentalist, and I am not a
business leader in the field of renewable energy. But now I feel like this is
not just an opportunity, it’s a duty. This is something that Susan (Cameron’s
wife) said to me a few weeks ago. She said “honey, this a duty, we have to do
something here”. And I think she is right. It feels that way. So I am going to
get a lot more involved with these organizations, I am going to make my
business to know and knot the answers. I am going to put a great deal of my
human energy into this, before I get absorbed to do another movie, which takes
100% of one’s energy. So it will be a period of time where I can do my best to
make a difference and inspire others to make a difference.
